Philosophy

Introduction

What is Philosophy?
- Defining philosophy, branches of philosophy, methods of philosophy
History of Philosophy
- Overview of major periods and traditions
The Tools of Philosophy
- Logic, conceptual analysis, thought experiments

Pre-Socratic Philosophy
- Beginnings of Western philosophy, metaphysical speculations, naturalism
Socrates
- Socratic method, ethics, examined life
Plato
- Theory of Forms, allegory of the cave, concept of the soul
Aristotle
- Categories, four causes, psychology, ethics, logic

Foundations of Medieval Philosophy
- Platonic schools, Augustine, Boethius, translation movements
The Four Traditions of Medieval Philosophy
- Greek/Byzantine, Latin, Arabic/Islamic, Jewish philosophy
Themes and Problems
- Eternity of the world, omniscience and freedom, soul and immortality
Logic and Language
- Development of Aristotelian logic, scholastic methods
Intellectual Exchanges Through Translations
- Transmission of texts between traditions

Rationalism
- Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz
Empiricism
- Locke, Berkeley, Hume
Enlightenment
- Kant, Rousseau, Voltaire
19th Century Philosophy
- Hegel, Marx, Mill, Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche

Analytic Philosophy
- Frege, Russell, Moore, Wittgenstein, Quine
Continental Philosophy
- Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, de Beauvoir, Foucault, Derrida
Phenomenology and Existentialism
- Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, de Beauvoir
Pragmatism
- Peirce, James, Dewey

Metaphysics
- Existence, identity, causality, time, space, universals, freedom, determinism
Epistemology
- Nature of knowledge, skepticism, justification, rationalism, empiricism
Ethics
- Moral theories, virtue, moral psychology, applied ethics, metaethics
Aesthetics
- Nature of art, beauty, taste, creativity, criticism, art forms
Logic
- Propositional logic, predicate logic, modal logic, fallacies
Political Philosophy
- Justice, rights, democracy, authority, law, punishment, war, revolution